"Zionism is a Jewish nationalist movement born in the late 19th century, a period of rising nationalistic feelings throughout the world. Its founders believed in a Jewish return to a permanent, independent homeland in Eretz Yisrael, known as Palestine around the world until 1948. This return was seen as the only solution to the poor living conditions and shaky political situations in which Jews in the Diaspora often found themselves.
Zionist theory understands Jewish identity as national rather than cultural or religious, and thus does not endorse the prospect of successful Jewish assimilation, or integration, into other nations and cultures. Zionism became the vehicle through which Jews around the world reemphasized the concept of the Jewish people as an autonomous political entity living in their own homeland, as they had before the destruction of the Temple in the first century of the Common Era."
Hurvitz, M. M., & Karesh, S. E. (2016). Zionism. In S. Karesh & M. Hurvitz (Authors), Encyclopedia of World Religions: Encyclopedia of Judaism. Facts On File. Retrieved October 30, 2023, from https://search.credoreference.com/articles/Qm9va0FydGljbGU6NDc1NTI2MA==?aid=256853.
Encyclopedia of Zionism and Israel by 
New Zionism and the Foreign Policy System of Israel (RLE Israel and Palestine) by 
Decolonizing Israel, Liberating Palestine : Zionism, Settler Colonialism, and the Case for One Democratic State by 